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簡要描述：組織相容性抗原DRB4抗體注意事項；This product as supplied is intended for research use only, not for use in human, therapeutic or diagnostic applications.
產(chǎn)品型號：GOY-01K1382廠商性質(zhì)：科研更新時間：2023-10-24 00:00:00訪 問 量：156產(chǎn)品分類
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商品屬性：
貨號 | 產(chǎn)品名稱 | 規(guī)格 |
GOY-01K1382 | 組織相容性抗原DRB4抗體 | 50ul |
GOY-01K1382 | 組織相容性抗原DRB4抗體 | 100ul |
GOY-01K1382 | 組織相容性抗原DRB4抗體 | 200ul |
英文名稱: HLA-DRB4
中文名稱: 組織相容性抗原DRB4抗體
別 名；DR 4; DR beta 4 chain; DR4; DRB1
transplantation antigen; DRB4; DRB4_HUMAN; HLA class II histocompatibility
antigen; HLA class II histocompatibility antigen DR beta 4 chain; HLA-DRB4;
Human leucocyte antigen DRB4; Leukocyte antigen; Major histocompatibility
complex class II DR beta 4; MHC class II antigen DRB4; MHC class II antigen HLA
DR beta; MHC class2 antigen; MHC HLA DR-beta chain.
研究領(lǐng)域；細胞生物 免疫學
抗體來源；Rabbit
克隆類型；Polyclonal
交叉反應(yīng)；(predicted: Human, Dog, Sheep,
)
產(chǎn)品應(yīng)用；ELISA=1:5000-10000
IHC-P=1:100-500 IHC-F=1:100-500 ICC=1:100-500 IF=1:100-500 （石蠟切片需做抗原修復）
not yet tested in
other applications.
optimal
dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
理論分子量；27kDa
細胞定位；細胞膜
性 狀；Liquid
濃 度；1mg/ml
免 疫 原；KLH conjugated synthetic
peptide derived from human HLA-DRB4: 21-120/266 <Extracellular>
亞 型；IgG
純化方法；affinity purified by Protein A
緩 沖 液；0.01M TBS(pH7.4) with 1% BSA,
0.03% Proclin300 and 50% Glycerol.
保存條件；Shipped at 4℃. Store at -20 °C for one year. Avoid
repeated freeze/thaw cycles.
注意事項；This product as supplied is
intended for research use only, not for use in human, therapeutic or diagnostic
applications.
產(chǎn)品介紹 HLA-DRB4 belongs to the HLA
class II beta chain paralogues. This class II molecule is a heterodimer
consisting of an alpha (DRA) and a beta (DRB) chain, both anchored in the
membrane. It plays a central role in the immune system by presenting peptides
derived from extracellular proteins. Class II molecules are expressed in
antigen presenting cells (APC: B lymphocytes, dendritic cells, macrophages).
The beta chain is approximately 26-28 kDa and its gene contains 6 exons. Exon
one encodes the leader peptide, exons 2 and 3 encode the two extracellular
domains, exon 4 encodes the transmembrane domain and exon 5 encodes the
cytoplasmic tail. Within the DR molecule the beta chain contains all the
polymorphisms specifying the peptide binding specificities. Typing for these
polymorphisms is routinely done for bone marrow and kidney transplantation.
DRB1 is expressed at a level five times higher than its paralogues DRB3, DRB4
and DRB5. The presence of DRB4 is linked with allelic variants of DRB1,
otherwise it is omitted. There are 4 related pseudogenes: DRB2, DRB6, DRB7,
DRB8 and DRB9. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Function:
Binds peptides derived from antigens that access the endocytic route of antigen presenting cells (APC) and presents them on the cell surface for recognition by the CD4 T-cells. The peptide binding cleft accomodates peptides of 10-30 residues. The peptides presented by MHC class II molecules are generated mostly by degradation of proteins that access the endocytic route, where they are processed by lysosomal proteases and other hydrolases. Exogenous antigens that have been endocytosed by the APC are thus readily available for presentation via MHC II molecules, and for this reason this antigen presentation pathway is usually referred to as exogenous. As membrane proteins on their way to degradation in lysosomes as part of their normal turn-over are also contained in the endosomal/lysosomal compartments, exogenous antigens must compete with those derived from endogenous components. Autophagy is also a source of endogenous peptides, autophagosomes constitutively fuse with MHC class II loading compartments. In addition to APCs, other cells of the gastrointestinal tract, such as epithelial cells, express MHC class II molecules and CD74 and act as APCs, which is an unusual trait of the GI tract.
實驗流程：
（1）特異性結(jié)合抗原：抗體本身不能直接溶解或殺傷帶有特異抗原的靶細胞，通常需要補體或吞噬細胞等共同發(fā)揮效應(yīng)以清除病原微生物或?qū)е虏±頁p傷。然而，抗體可通過與病毒或毒素的特異性結(jié)合，直接發(fā)揮中和病毒的作用。
（2）活補體：IgM、IgG1、IgG2和IgG3可通過經(jīng)典途徑激活補體，凝聚的IgA、IgG4和IgE可通過替代途徑激活補體。
（3）結(jié)合細胞：不同類別的免疫球蛋白，可結(jié)合不同種的細胞，參與免疫應(yīng)答。
（4）可通過胎盤及粘膜：免疫球蛋白G（IgG）能通過胎盤進入胎兒血流中，使胎兒形成自然被動
免疫。免疫球蛋白A（IgA）可通過消化道及呼吸道粘膜，是粘膜局部抗感染免疫的主要因素。
（5）具有抗原性：抗體分子是一種蛋白質(zhì)，也具有刺機體產(chǎn)生免疫應(yīng)答的性能。不同的免疫球蛋白分子，各具有不同的抗原性。
（6）抗體對理化因子的抵抗力與一般球蛋白相同：不耐熱，60～70℃即被破壞。各種酶及能使蛋白質(zhì)凝固變性的物質(zhì)，均能破壞抗體的作用?？贵w可被中性鹽類沉淀。在生產(chǎn)上常可用硫酸銨或硫酸鈉從免疫血清中沉淀出含有抗體的球蛋白，再經(jīng)透析法將其純化。
抗體的制備過程：
1.免疫原：普通的大分子蛋白，通過分子克隆構(gòu)建載體并在大腸桿菌中進行誘導表達獲得重組蛋白，純化鑒定后可直接作為免疫原；小分子蛋白或化合物等分子量小，需要偶聯(lián)載體對該分子進行改造才能使其成為具有免疫原性的抗原，常見偶聯(lián)載體如BSA、OVA、HAS等。
2. 免疫動物：常用于制備抗血清的動物有豚鼠、家兔、雞、大小鼠等，大量生產(chǎn)時需要用到狗、綿羊、山羊等。
3. 免疫血清的收集：一般家兔、綿羊、山羊可采用靜動脈采血，家兔、豚鼠、大鼠、雞可采用心臟采血，家兔、山羊、綿羊可采用靜脈采血。
4. 免疫血清的純化與鑒定：得到的抗血清需要進一步的純化，利用偶聯(lián)了抗原的親和柱進行層析，具有高效，特異性強，純度高的特定。接著要鑒定純化蛋白的含量、相對分子的質(zhì)量、純度以及特異性。
5.組織相容性抗原DRB4抗體免疫血清的保存：抗體一般比較穩(wěn)定，在-80℃ ～-20 ℃可以保存約5年而不會影響效價，而真空干燥保存時間可以更久。保存前需經(jīng)除菌并添加防腐劑。
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